Most Single-Family Renters Will Continue to Rent Rather than Buy Their Next Home

Fannie Mae's latest quarterly National Housing Survey (NHS) finds consumer pessimism growing with concerns about job loss, as 64 percent of Americans surveyed during the second quarter saying the economy is on the wrong track, the most for any quarter since the inception of the survey in the first quarter of 2010. That pessimism continued to mount in July, with Fannie Mae's monthly survey finding that 70 percent now believe the economy is on the wrong track, and just 23 percent say the economy is heading in the right direction.

"Consumers are more cautious due to concerns over employment and household finances," said Doug Duncan, vice president and chief economist of Fannie Mae. "As a result, consumer spending, which accounts for about 70 percent of the economy, ground to a halt in the second quarter. Consumers are more hesitant to take on additional financial commitments, and a setback to confidence means a setback to the recovery of the housing market."

Job Security

• Twenty-six percent of American workers report being concerned about losing their job in the next twelve months. While 44 percent of concerned American workers report having a home mortgage (compared to 42 percent of all Americans), just 33 percent of them perceive their savings to be sufficient (versus 49 percent of those workers not concerned about losing their job).
• Forty-four percent of these workers say their household expenses have increased significantly over the past year, compared to 35 percent of workers not concerned about losing their job.
• Employed Americans concerned about job loss are more likely than all employed Americans to say it is a bad time to buy a home and they are more likely to say they would rent their next home.

Single-Family Renters

• More than fifty percent of renters report living in single-family homes.
• Despite just 23 percent of single-family renters saying that renting makes more sense than buying a home, 53 percent say they would continue renting if they were going to move.
• Seventy-three percent of single-family renters say it would be difficult for them to get a home mortgage, with 33 percent citing their credit history as the biggest obstacle to getting a home mortgage (versus 20 percent of multifamily renters).
• Compared to multifamily renters, single-family renters are younger and more likely to have children.

Minority Mortgage Borrowers

• Thirty-one percent of minority mortgage borrowers report being underwater compared to 23 percent of non-minority mortgage borrowers.
• Thirty-five percent of minority borrowers say they are making a great deal of financial sacrifice to own, compared to 20 percent of non-minority borrowers.
• Minority borrowers are more likely than non-minority mortgage holders to live in states with above-average levels of negative equity and are more likely to report lower family household incomes (44 percent say their family income in 2010 did not exceed $50,000, compared to 23 percent of non-minority borrowers).

The Fannie Mae Second-Quarter 2011 National Housing Survey polled homeowners and renters to assess their attitudes toward owning and renting a home, confidence in homeownership as an investment, the current state of their household finances, views on the U.S. housing finance system, and overall confidence in the economy.

Duncan states, "Survey data make clear the relationship between home purchase demand and concerns about the stability of employment. Dissatisfaction about the direction of the economy and related employment fears are damping demand to buy homes and slowing the recovery. People who believe owning is a better deal than renting are nonetheless planning to rent, at least until things improve it would seem."

Other Survey Highlights

• Consistent with previous findings, most Americans think it would be difficult for them to get a home mortgage today (53 percent) and increases to 71 percent among renters.
• While 51 percent of Generation X Americans (age 35-44) say it would be difficult for them to get a home mortgage today, the number increases to 59 percent among Generation Y (age 18-34).
• Thirty-five percent of Pre-Baby Boomers (age 65 and older) say they know someone in their area or neighborhood who has defaulted versus 42 percent for Generation Y and 49 percent for Generation X Americans.
• Twenty-six percent of mortgage borrowers say they are underwater, compared with 23 percent in Q1.
• Underwater borrowers remain more likely to be stressed about their debt than all mortgage borrowers—42 percent of underwater borrowers say they are stressed about their debt, compared to 31 percent of all mortgage borrowers.
• Underwater borrowers are more likely to know someone who has defaulted on their mortgage—57 percent of underwater borrowers versus 49 percent of all mortgage borrowers and 43 percent of the general population.
• As in previous quarters, 2 out of 3 respondents support mortgage modifications, believing such programs help protect the economy and local communities from increased foreclosures and falling home prices.
• In line with previous quarters, 57 percent of Generation Y Americans (age 18-34) expect their personal situation to improve over the next year, compared to only 42 percent among Generation X (age 35-44) and 35 percent among Baby Boomers (age 45-64).

Zillow Reviews Bumpy Road Toward Stabilization

Home values in the United States fell 0.4 percent from the first to the second quarter of 2011, the smallest quarterly decline in more than four years, according to Zillow's second quarter Real Estate Market Reports. The Zillow Home Value Index fell 6.2 percent year-over-year to $171,600. Home values have fallen 28.8 percent since they peaked in June 2006.

Regionally, home values fell on a year-over-year basis in 142 of the 154 metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) covered by Zillow and were flat in eight. In the short term, however, nearly two-thirds of MSAs (94 of 154) experienced home value appreciation, with the Zillow Home Value Index rising from the first to the second quarter.

Negative equity fell slightly to 26.8 percent of single-family homeowners with mortgages in the second quarter, down from 28.4 percent in the first. A homeowner is in negative equity when they owe more on their mortgage than their home is worth.

Meanwhile, the rate of foreclosure re-sales declined from its peak in March 2011, when 21.4 percent of all sales were foreclosure re-sales. In June, 19.7 percent of sales were foreclosure re-sales.

"While there are many positive signs in the second quarter, and it is clear the post-tax credit free-fall of home values is over, we're not out of the woods yet," said Zillow Chief Economist Dr. Stan Humphries. "It is very encouraging that two-thirds of markets in our report experienced home value appreciation, but we have to remember that this is coming on the heels of one of the worst quarters since the housing recession began.

"We expect a bumpy road ahead. There will be many ups and downs in home values before this is over, and we continue to expect a true bottom in 2012, at the earliest. There are still hazards in the form of a full foreclosure pipeline, high negative equity and fluctuations in demand."

While nearly two-thirds of markets showed appreciation from the first to the second quarter of 2011, far fewer have recorded a longer period of stabilization. Only 25 of the 154 MSAs covered in Zillow's Real Estate Market Reports showed two consecutive quarters of appreciation. Among those MSAs were Washington, D.C., where the median home value increased 1.7 percent from the first to the second quarter after increasing 0.2 percent from the fourth quarter of 2010 to the first of 2011; and Pittsburgh, where home values increased 2.8 percent from the first to the second quarter, and increased 0.1 percent from the fourth to the first quarter.